Thursday, June 4, 2026

WHAT IS A "PAYMENT-SYSTEM"

 A payment system is the technology, rules, and infrastructure used to exchange money and settle financial transactions. This ecosystem connects consumers, merchants, and banks through different clearance networks, ranging from retail transactions (like debit and e-Transfers) to large-value wire payments and emerging instant-payment solutions. [1, 2, 3]

Canada's Payment Infrastructure
In Canada, the national payment ecosystem is primarily built and governed by Payments Canada and overseen by the Bank of Canada. The underlying networks include: [1, 2]
  • Retail Batch Payment System (ACSS): Processes the vast majority of day-to-day Canadian commerce, including cheques, direct deposits, bill payments, and debit transactions. [1, 2]
  • Lynx: The high-value payment system used by participating financial institutions to send large, time-sensitive Canadian dollar wire payments safely and securely. [1, 2]
  • Real-Time Rail (RTR): Canada's real-time exchange, clearing, and settlement network designed to support instant, data-rich 24/7 payments. [1]
Everyday Payment Methods
Consumers and businesses utilize different layers of technology to move money within these foundational systems: [1, 2]
  • Digital Wallets: Apps like Apple Pay, Google Pay, and PayPal allow you to store payment information securely on smart devices for quick, contactless, or online checkout. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
  • Electronic Transfers: The Interac e-Transfer network enables near-instant peer-to-peer or business transfers using just an email address or mobile number. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
  • Point-of-Sale (POS) Systems: Merchant solutions like Square and Global Payments process in-store and online credit and debit card transactions

1 WORLD CURRENCY MAKES SENSE

WHY NOT HAVE 1 SINGLE CURRENCY?  CALL IT THE EARTHBUCK, EARTHEURO, GLOBALBUCK(S)' WORLDOLLAR, EUARTH, ..... HMMMM???????

world currency - Search

There are approximately 163–182 official currencies in circulation worldwide, with the U.S. dollar and the euro being the most dominant in global trade and reserves.

Number and Types of Currencies

Globally, there are around 163 to 182 official currencies recognized as legal tender across countries, territories, and partially recognized states Wikipedia+2. Some currencies are pegged to others at a fixed exchange rate, such as the Danish krone to the euro or the Bahamian dollar to the U.S. dollar Worlddata.info. Excluding pegged currencies, there are roughly 130 independent or freely floating currencies Wikipedia. Currencies include banknotes, coins, and fractional units, and are generally issued under state monopoly Wikipedia.

Major Reserve and Traded Currencies

The U.S. dollar (USD) is the world's dominant reserve currency and the most traded currency globally, accounting for a significant share of international payments and foreign exchange transactions Countries of the world+1. The euro (EUR) is the second-largest reserve currency and widely used across multiple countries and territories, including 35 independent states and overseas territories Countries of the world. Other important reserve currencies include the British pound sterling (GBP), Japanese yen (JPY), and increasingly, the Chinese renminbi (CNY) Worlddata.info.

Regional and Multi-Country Usage

Some currencies are used across multiple countries beyond their origin. For example, the U.S. dollar is used in 10 foreign countries in addition to the United States, and the euro is used in 35 countries and territories Countries of the world. Regional currencies like the West African CFA franc and East Caribbean dollar are shared among several nations Countries of the world.

Currency Standards and Codes

Most currencies follow the ISO 4217 standard, which assigns three-letter alphabetic codes and three-digit numeric codes for identification Money Converter & Exchange Rates. This standard helps in international trade, banking, and currency exchange.

Historical and Notable Facts

The British pound sterling is the oldest currency still in use, with a history spanning over 1,200 years Worlddata.info. Reserve currencies like the U.S. dollar have a global influence, being used in pricing commodities such as oil and serving as a benchmark for other currencies Worlddata.info.
In summary, the world’s monetary system consists of a diverse set of currencies, with a few major ones dominating global trade and reserves, while many others operate regionally or are pegged to stronger currencies for stability 


BOOKS ON THE WAY 0UT

I COLLECT HARCOVER BOOKS FOR A REASON... 

An Oxford academic has warned that students using AI could soon obtain a degree without reading any books.

Katherine Rundell, an award-winning author and Fellow of All Souls College, said professors could no longer tell whether essays had been written by human or machine.

It means humanities students could hypothetically hand in an essay they have used AI to produce without reading any source material themselves.

Students 'could soon get degrees without reading a book'

GRIPEN WINS BRAZILLIAN CONTRACT

 SWEDES ARE MUCH BETTER PARTNERS THAN AMERICANS - MORE RELIABLE ...

STOCKHOLM, June 4 (Reuters) - Brazil has expressed interest in purchasing 20 additional Gripen model E and F fighter jets from Sweden's Saab, Swedish Defence Minister Pal Jonson said on Thursday.

The aircraft would be manufactured in Brazil, Jonson told a joint press conference in Stockholm with his Brazilian counterpart, Defence Minister Jose Mucio.

Brazil in 2014 agreed to buy 36 Gripen fighter jets, and in 2023 Brazil's Embraer SA and Saab launched a production line in Brazil for the aircraft, with the South American country saying it may place more orders.

Brazil could buy another 20 Gripen jets, Sweden says

PAKI MMA FIGHTER KILLED BY BEAR

 CANADA NEEDS MORE BEARS & LESS PAKI'S - BUT RIP ANYWAY

Hrishikesh Koloth, an independent contractor for UraniumX Discovery Corp, was fatally attacked by the black bear on May 8 at the exploration company's site about 50 miles northeast of Points North Landing in central Saskatchewan, CBS News, The New York Times and CTV News reported. 

The isolated region is home to black bears and grizzly bears, according to the Times

“We are deeply saddened by this tragic loss,” UraniumX CEO Esen Boldkhuu said in a statement following the attack. “Our thoughts and deepest condolences go out to the family, friends, and colleagues of the deceased.”

The bear was euthanized by a bystander at the scene before authorities arrived, according to the news outlets. 

(The Royal Canadian Mounted Police and Saskatchewan's Ministry of Community Safety did not immediately respond to PEOPLE's request for additional information.)

MMA fighter, 27, who wasn't 'scared of anything' dies in bear attack at mining site where he worked, brother says

SCOUTS CA JOB OPP

 COOL JOB OPP - I WAS A BEAVER, A CUB AND A SCOUT a long time ago ... lol 

Role Overview: 

As Director (Legal Services) at Scouts Canada, this role is responsible for ensuring that legal risk is proactively identified, effectively managed, and strategically mitigated - so that the organization can deliver safe, sustainable, and impactful experiences that help young people develop skills for life. By leading the organization’s approach to legal services, the Director ensures that legal claims and contractual arrangements are handled with rigour, consistency, and alignment to organizational priorities - with the ability to drive down external legal costs.

They ensure that legal matters are not only managed effectively day-to-day, but also inform forward-looking decision-making through clear, evidence-based reporting to senior leadership and the Board. In partnership with external legal counsel, insurers, and internal stakeholders, the Director ensures the organization receives sound legal advice, manages liabilities effectively, and maintains compliance with all relevant legislative and regulatory requirements – ultimately reducing our reliance on external counsel.

As a senior leader within Enabling Services, the Director builds a high-performing legal function, strengthens collaboration across staff and volunteers, and embeds legal awareness into organizational planning and operations. Through this leadership, the role ensures that Scouts Canada is protected, resilient, and able to operate with confidence and integrity.
 

Duties and Responsibilities:   

Portfolio: 

  • Legal Strategy & Risk Mitigation: Create and drive strategies that continuously improves Scouts Canada’s approach to identifying, managing, and mitigating legal risk across its operations, assets, and governance structures - ensuring alignment with organizational priorities and risk appetite – and senior leadership and the Board are well-informed to make forward-looking decisions.
  • Claims Management: Create and drive strategies to ensure the effective management of an active and complex pipeline of legal claims - improving timeliness, consistency, financial modelling of liabilities, and alignment with insurers and external counsel.
  • Contract Management: Create and drive strategies to ensure all contractual arrangements entered into by the organization are appropriate, reviewed, approved, and recorded - reducing risk and improving organizational consistency and control.
  • Insurance & Liability Management: Create and drive strategies to ensure effective coordination with insurers, including claims submission, recovery, and optimization of coverage - ensuring value for money and alignment with organizational risk exposure.
  • Governance & Regulatory Compliance: Create and drive strategies to ensure compliance with all relevant legal and regulatory requirements, including corporate governance obligations, privacy legislation, and accessibility standards - supporting effective governance and decision-making.
  • Records & Legal Systems: Create and drive strategies to improve the management, accessibility, and interrogation of legal records - ensuring that documentation is robust, secure, and supports both current and historic legal matters.
  • Cross-Functional Risk Integration: Create and drive strategies to embed legal risk awareness into organizational planning, working closely with teams such as Property, People, Safety, and Finance to ensure legal considerations are proactively addressed.
  • External Legal Partnerships: Create and drive strategies to ensure effective engagement with external legal counsel -improving quality, timeliness, and cost-effectiveness of legal advice
  • Legal Examinations: Create and drive strategies to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of Scouts Canada’s participation in legal examinations. This may include participation in examinations as required, with appropriate psychosocial supports in place.
  • Other duties: As assigned.

Leadership:

  • Externality: Represent the organization to senior external stakeholders, including legal counsel, insurers, regulators, and sector partners.
  • Senior Leadership: Collaborate with Director-level colleagues across the organization to ensure legal considerations are fully integrated into strategic and operational decision-making.
  • People: Create and drive strategies to continuously improve the performance of your staff, ensuring a positive growth culture that increases satisfaction of high-performing staff and addresses performance concerns effectively and efficiently.
  • Volunteers: Create and drive strategies to continuously improve partnerships between staff and National, Council, and Property Society volunteers - ensuring legal matters are handled with clarity, sensitivity, and alignment to Scouting values.
  • Committees and Governance: Form excellent relationships with members of relevant committees and governance bodies, providing clear, concise, and evidence-based legal advice and guidance up to and including the Board level.
  • Project Management: Ensure all projects within the team align with our Project Management framework, taking personal accountability for addressing underperformance in Scope, Timeline or Budget.
  • Deputization: Deputize for your manager during absences.

Evidence, Insights and Reporting:

  • User Centered: Ensure legal processes and policies are informed by evidence related to member and stakeholder interactions, improving clarity, proportionality, and effectiveness.
  • Performance & Continuous Improvement: Ensure the legal function continuously improves through the use of data, benchmarking, and feedback - enhancing efficiency, effectiveness, and alignment with organizational needs.

Finance and Revenue:

  • Budget: Effectively manage and report on <$1M team and project budgets, ensuring value for money in legal services, external counsel, and insurance-related expenditure.
  • Financial Risk: Ensure legal risks and liabilities are appropriately modelled and understood within the organization’s financial planning and reporting processes.
     

Qualifications and Job-Specific Competencies: 

  • Degree in a related field or an equivalent combination of education and work experience in legal administration.
  • 10+ years related experience in one of the following areas: legal administration (senior paralegal, legal practice, etc.), risk management or insurance.
  • 5+ years leading teams with a focus on operational strategy and delivery in similar sectors.
  • Legal acumen: Ability to act as an internal expert on legal matter relevant to Scouts Canada, namely property holding, abuse claims and accessibility legislation.
  • Legal Strategy & Risk Management: Ability to develop and implement strategies that reduce legal risk and cost.
  • Claims & Insurance Management: Deep understanding of legal claims processes, insurance coordination, and financial modelling of liabilities.
  • Contract & Commercial Acumen: Ability to oversee contractual arrangements, ensuring appropriate risk management and alignment with organizational priorities.
  • Stakeholder & External Relations: Ability to build credibility and influence with external legal counsel, insurers, regulators, and senior stakeholders.
  • Technical Proficiency: Strong computer and technical skills and a growth-mindset when approaching new technology, including Proficient with Microsoft 365 / Office applications – specifically legal case management software.
  • Data Manipulation: Ability to interrogate data sets and visualize data to inform strategy, results and process improvements.
  • Program Management: Ability to manage multiple projects, identifying risks and taking accountability for status.
  • Travel: Must hold a valid Canadian driver’s license or have equivalent ability to travel

 

Working Conditions:  

  • Clear PRC (Police Record Check) and VSS (Vulnerable Sector Check) are required before the start date. 
  • Mandatory training requirement. 
  • Works remotely from home.
  • Traditional working hours with some non-traditional working hours, including evenings and weekends, will be required
  • Some overnight travel required.

 

Physical Demands: 

  • Sitting at a computer for extended periods of time 
  • Lifting boxes/records.

  

Ready to Apply?  

If this role excites you, we’d love to hear from you! Please take a moment to tell us about yourself in a cover letter—we want to hear your story, your background, your accomplishments, and why you feel this role is the right fit for you. 

Please submit your cover letter and resume by CLICKING HERE.

We thank all applicants for their interest; however, only those selected for an interview will be contacted. We will be reviewing resumes as they are submitted. 

Equity, Diversity & Inclusion: Scouts Canada is committed to equity, diversity, and inclusion in our workplace where everyone feels valued and respected. We welcome and encourage applications from individuals of all backgrounds, including but not limited to Indigenous peoples, racialized individuals, people with disabilities, 2SLGBTQIA+ individuals, and those from other equity-deserving communities. 

Accessibility and Accommodation: Scouts Canada is committed to developing inclusive, barrier-free selection processes and work environments. Accommodation requests should be made in advance to HR at humanresources@scouts.ca. Information received relating to accommodation measures will be addressed confidentially.

AI Disclosure: At Scouts Canada, we are committed to inclusive, respectful, and transparent recruitment. To support our selection process, we may use AI tools that assess responses to role-specific questions and experience-never personal details like your name or address. All data is handled in line with the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA) and our privacy policies, used only for recruitment, and never shared externally without your consent. If you have questions, please contact: humanresources@scouts.ca

BOY SCOUT JOB

 Cool Job Opp Job Search Canada | Indeed

Intelligent Court Ruling On Freezing Russian War Assets

AMSTERDAM – The European Union can freeze assets linked to Russians sanctioned over the war in Ukraine, even if those assets are held by a trust and there is no direct legal link to the persons involved, the EU’s Court of Justice ruled on May 21.

The court said assets can also be frozen if they are only indirectly linked to the person on the sanctions list.

Concepts of ownership and control should encompass “all forms of power or influence exercised over assets”, it said, even if there was no legal link between them and the person concerned.


RUSSIA W/O UKRAINE JUST A NORMAL COUNTRY - IT NEEDS UKRAINE & ITS MASSIVE LAND MASS & GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION TO BE A RELEVANT & IMPORTANT WORLD POWER ...

EU can freeze Russian assets held by trusts, court rules | The Straits Times

Memorial University Internal Medicine Residency Program

 Interesting

Internal Medicine Program

Program Description

The Memorial University Internal Medicine Residency Program consists of three years of core internal medicine. Our goal is to train exceptionally competent, professional, and well-rounded internists for their future careers, regardless of their chosen field within internal medicine.

The Internal Medicine program currently has 41 residents and approximately 100 full and part-time faculty. Clinical teaching units (CTUs) consist of a mix of subspecialists and general internists. Generally, each CTU consists of a senior resident, two PGY1s, and one or two senior medical students. The majority of resident training occurs at The Health Sciences Centre, which is the largest tertiary care centre in Newfoundland and Labrador. 

One of the primary strengths of our program are the opportunities for direct clinical exposure across a broad range of areas.  We have few Fellows to compete with for clinical decision making and procedural opportunities with resultant regular direct contact with faculty.  We have an excellent faculty to resident ratio and residents work very closely with their preceptors, getting to know them on a personal level.  Even though we have few subspecialty programs (General Internal Medicine (GIM), Nephrology, Medical Oncology), residents have ample opportunity to gain experience in all the subspecialties through Selectives and Electives. Historically, our residents have consistently done well in the subspecialty match.

We have an active formal curriculum which includes academic half day based in the Royal College Objectives (including the non-medical expert CanMEDs roles), morning rounds and noon rounds (med-path rounds, EBM rounds, patient safety rounds, etc), a very robust high and low fidelity simulation program, weekly medicine grand rounds and journal clubs.

We are well equipped for Competency by Design (CBD), having undertaken a soft CBD role out, including EPA evaluations using our MUNCAT smartphone application.

We have an active and diverse research community, which includes clinical, epidemiological, biomedical, and medical educational research leaders. You will be paired with a faculty mentor as a PGY1 and are expected to develop a research project based on your area of interest. We have an annual Scholarship Day where residents present their research. Residents are expected to present a project/their research completed during their training.

Training Sites

Residents can do community medicine rotation at any site approved by the program director that meets the RCPSC and PGME definition for community rotation.  However, if the rotation is outside of the province, funding for travel and accommodation will not be provided.

Hospitals affiliated with the Memorial University of Newfoundland's Internal Medicine Training Program include:

St. John's

Corner Brook 

Grand Falls-Windsor

Wednesday, June 3, 2026

Mad Vlad (Puny-Peanut-Putin) Stealing From Rich Russians

MOSCOW – Vadim Moshkovich switched paths multiple times during the Post-Soviet era of wild capitalism, from distributing vodka to flipping apartments. He ultimately made his big bet on commodities, founding Ros Agro, the Russian agricultural firm behind his fortune. 

Decades in the making, it all came crashing down in May when a Moscow court ordered the seizure of his family’s 49 per cent stake in the company. His crime, prosecutors say, was violating a ban on combining public service with business activities while he served in the upper chamber of Russia’s Parliament between 2006 and 2014, and abusing his political position for illegal enrichment.

The country’s billionaires are under increasing state pressure, with charges ranging from corruption to accusations of giving non-military support to the enemy and even dual citizenship. Asset seizures are breaking up business empires and redistributing wealth, often transferring it to more loyal business groups.

Wealthy Russians see empires crumble as Putin seizes assets | The Straits Times

TECH MAKES KIDS STUPID

 I KNOW THIS FOR A FACT:

Rethinking screen time and young people’s mental health

Conversations about young people’s digital technology use have long focused on one central question: How much screen time is too much? However, new evidence from the UKRI‑funded Digital Youth Program suggests that this question may be missing the point. This research challenges existing narratives about ‘too much screen time’ and calls for a more nuanced understanding of youth online experiences.

Rethinking screen time and young people’s mental health - School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences